Bond Yield Calculator

Calculate bond yields with our comprehensive free calculator. Determine yield to maturity (YTM), current yield, and understand bond pricing for better fixed-income investment decisions.

%
Yield to Maturity (YTM)
9.24%
Current Yield
8.42%
Coupon Payment
₹80/year
Total Return at Maturity
₹1,400
₹400 coupons + ₹50 capital gain
📉 Trading at Discount (Below Par)

Bond Cash Flow Timeline

Cash Flow Schedule

Period Coupon Payment Principal Total Cash Flow Present Value

Understanding Bond Yields

Current Yield
Annual Coupon / Current Price

Measures annual income relative to current price

Yield to Maturity (YTM)
Total return if held to maturity

Includes coupon payments and capital gain/loss

Premium vs Discount
Price > Face = Premium

When price is below face value, YTM > coupon rate

Key Features

Yield to Maturity (YTM) calculation
Current yield calculation
Bond price from yield
Yield from bond price
Coupon payment schedule
Duration and convexity

How to Use This Calculator

Enter the bond face value
Input the coupon rate
Set the current market price
Enter years to maturity
Click "Calculate" to see yield metrics

Understanding Bond Yields


The Bond Yield Calculator helps fixed-income investors understand the true return on their bond investments. Bond yields can be measured in several ways, and understanding these metrics is crucial for comparing bonds and making investment decisions.

Current yield is the simplest measure: Annual Coupon Payment / Current Market Price × 100. If a bond pays ₹80 annually and trades at ₹1,000, the current yield is 8%. However, this ignores capital gains or losses at maturity.

Yield to Maturity (YTM) is the most comprehensive yield measure. It's the total return expected if the bond is held until maturity, including all coupon payments and the difference between the purchase price and face value. YTM is the internal rate of return of the bond.

Bond prices and yields move inversely. When interest rates rise, existing bond prices fall because new bonds offer higher yields. Understanding this relationship helps investors time their bond purchases and manage interest rate risk.

Duration measures a bond's sensitivity to interest rate changes. Longer duration means greater price sensitivity. This is important for portfolio management and hedging strategies.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Yield to Maturity (YTM)?
YTM is the total return expected on a bond if held until maturity. It includes all coupon payments and any capital gain or loss from the difference between purchase price and face value.
Why do bond prices fall when interest rates rise?
When new bonds offer higher rates, existing bonds with lower coupons become less attractive, so their prices fall to make their yield competitive with new issues.
What is the difference between coupon rate and yield?
Coupon rate is fixed when the bond is issued and determines the annual payment. Yield varies with market price - if you pay more than face value, your yield is below the coupon rate.
What is bond duration?
Duration measures a bond's sensitivity to interest rate changes. A duration of 5 means the bond price will change about 5% for every 1% change in interest rates.
Should I buy bonds at premium or discount?
This depends on your goals. Premium bonds (above face value) have higher coupons but potential capital loss at maturity. Discount bonds have lower coupons but potential capital gains.